Improvement in the methods of making spades and shovels



. L. D." CLIFT. 'zV l |rnpro\`/em'ntV in `the` Methods of Making Spadesand Shovels. y {Nff11-5156, Patented-May 23,1871.

N UNITED fSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEVI DEWSGLIFT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT INTHE METHODS OF MAKING SPADES AND SHOVELS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 115,166, dated May Q3, 1871.

I, LEVI DEWES GLIFT, of Philadelphia, couna ty of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improved Shovel or Spade, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to an improvement in the manufacture of shovels or spades having solid shanks and sockets; and my improvement consists in forging the blade, solid shank, and socket from one piece of metal, as described hereafter, the usual socket, which demands tedious operations in its manufacture,

` being discarded and the shovel or spade being much more substantial than those having common sockets.

" Description 0f the Accompanying Drawing.

Figure lis a perspective view of a shovel or spade constructed according to my improvement, and Figs. 2 and 3 perspective views illustrating the inode of manufacturing the same.

" General Description.

I take two bars, A and A', of iron, or a bar bent over and doubled, and between the folds insert a plate, B, of steel. After reducing the whole to a welding-heat, I proceed to form it by tiltbr other hammers, as shown in Fig. 3, one end being spread to the desired shape of the blade, while the other end is reduced to a contracted neck or shank, e, beyond which a thin e :dat web, f, is formed; and this web I turn and fold so that it becomes a socket, h, for the handle E. The socket and shank are then bent so as to assume that position in respect to the blade which thecharacter of the spade or shovel may suggest.

It will be seen that by the above process the shank and socket are forged from the i same material as and form part ofthe blade,

and that the manipulation required in forming `Witnesses H. HowsoN, FRANKLIN B. RICHARDS. 

